AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |
Back to Blog
Take five oil8/21/2023 ![]() Sophisticated oil pits, 4.5 to 6 metres (15 to 20 ft) deep, were dug by the Seneca People and other Iroquois in Western Pennsylvania as early as 1415–1450. It has also been present in Romania since the 13th century, being recorded as păcură. ![]() Through Islamic Spain, distillation became available in Western Europe by the 12th century. Arab and Persian chemists also distilled crude oil to produce flammable products for military purposes. These fields were described by the Arab geographer Abu al-Hasan 'Alī al-Mas'ūdī in the 10th century, and by Marco Polo in the 13th century, who described the output of those wells as hundreds of shiploads. In the 9th century, oil fields were exploited in the area around modern Baku, Azerbaijan. The streets of Baghdad were paved with tar, derived from petroleum that became accessible from natural fields in the region. Ĭrude oil was often distilled by Persian chemists, with clear descriptions given in Arabic handbooks such as those of Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes). By 347 CE, oil was produced from bamboo-drilled wells in China. In addition, the Chinese were the first to record the use of petroleum as fuel as early as the fourth century BCE. The I Ching, one of the earliest Chinese writings, cites that oil in its raw state, without refining, was first discovered, extracted, and used in China in the first century BCE. The use of petroleum in ancient China dates back to more than 2000 years ago. Ancient Persian tablets indicate the medicinal and lighting uses of petroleum in the upper levels of their society. Great quantities of it were found on the banks of the river Issus, one of the tributaries of the Euphrates. More than 4000 years ago, according to Herodotus and Diodorus Siculus, asphalt was used in the construction of the walls and towers of Babylon there were oil pits near Ardericca (near Babylon), and a pitch spring on Zacynthus. Tablet of the legend of the birth of Sargon of Akkad mentioned a basket which was closed by straw and bitumen. More than 4300 years ago, bitumen was mentioned when the Sumerians used it to make boats. Petroleum, in one form or another, has been used since ancient times. Production of petroleum is estimated to reach peak oil before 2035 as global economies lower dependencies on petroleum as part of climate change mitigation and a transition towards renewable energy and electrification. Oil has also been a source of conflict, leading to both state-led-wars and other conflicts. Some of these effects have direct and indirect health consequences for humans. Other negative environmental effects include oil spills, and air and water pollution. Extraction, refining and burning of petroleum fuels all release large quantities of greenhouse gases, so petroleum is one of the major contributors to climate change. Petroleum products are damaging the environment and people’s health. Petroleum production can be extremely profitable and was critical to global economic development in the 20th century, with some countries, so-called " oil states", gaining significant economic and international power because of their control of oil production. Petroleum is used in manufacturing a vast variety of materials essential for modern life, and it is estimated that the world consumes about 100 million barrels (16 million cubic metres) each day. Products include fuels such as gasoline (petrol), diesel, kerosene and jet fuel asphalt and lubricants chemical reagents used to make plastics solvents, textiles, refrigerants, paint, synthetic rubber, fertilizers, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and thousands of others. Once extracted, oil is refined and separated, most easily by distillation, into innumerable products for direct use or use in manufacturing. Recent developments in technologies have also led to the exploitation of other unconventional reserves such as oil sands and oil shale. Drilling is carried out after studies of structural geology, sedimentary basin analysis, and reservoir characterisation. Petroleum is primarily recovered by oil drilling. A fossil fuel, petroleum is formed when large quantities of dead organisms, mostly zooplankton and algae, are buried underneath sedimentary rock and subjected to both prolonged heat and pressure. The name petroleum covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil and petroleum products that consist of refined crude oil. Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. An oil refinery in Mina Al Ahmadi, Kuwait.
0 Comments
Read More
Leave a Reply. |